Literary Analysis A Guide to Writing a Perfect Literary Analysis

Abstract Analysis A Guide to Writing a Perfect Literary Analysis The way toward figuring out how to compose an artistic investigation can be overwhelming and overpowering from the outset, yet as you acquire practice with this sort of reasoning, you can create a technique that works best for you. Scholarly Analysis Essay A scholarly investigation paper is a pugnacious examination that cautiously inspects a bit of writing by taking a gander at the characters of the story, subject, tone, setting just as the plot and other abstract gadgets used to portray the story. It urges a peruser to consider how and why a novel, sonnet or play was composed. Its intended to be an examination of a key component in the writing in this manner you should shun composing a paper that clarifies each and every purpose of the plot of the story. A contention can be raised by taking a gander at the writers goals and endeavoring to clarify their importance or from an individual point of view wherein case the first content needs to safeguard and record for the contention to the peruser. 7 TIPS TO WRITE A LITERATURE REVIEW The Purpose of a Reading Analysis The reason for a scholarly examination is to exhibit why the creator utilized explicit characters, subjects, settings, symbolism, and so forth to convince the peruser in a story. It attempts to recognize a significant subject and afterward examines the scholarly gadgets that the creator used to uncover that topic. The abstract examination additionally assists with creating basic speculation abilities in understudies by moving them to look past the exacting implications by analyzing the story to perceive how the pieces fit together. Abstract Analysis versus Understanding Analysis From a general view, strict examination dives into the why and attempts to comprehend the undeniable and shrouded implications that hide underneath the principle plot. It makes one think about the story itself as well as to comprehend the master plan of history, human condition and so on. Understanding investigation, then again, is the demonstration of perusing to separate data. 5 Steps on How to Write a Literary Analysis Essay The way toward figuring out how to compose an abstract investigation can be overwhelming and overpowering from the start, however as you acquire practice with this sort of reasoning, you can make a strategy that works best for you. Here is a guide that diagrams all that you have to know to compose a decent abstract investigation. 1. Pick and Focus on the Topic To start with, you have to peruse the work altogether and guarantee you comprehend the plot of the play, sonnet or novel and who the characters are. An examination is just conceivable when you have an away from of the story. Continuously pick a point that intrigues you as it is simpler to begin with something you appreciate. Conceptualize a rundown of possible subjects (topics) by asking yourself inquiries like, What was striking in the content? For what reason did the writer compose this? How are characters created? How are the artistic gadgets utilized? also, attempt to search for associations and examples by mapping out the various parts of the picked component. 2. Assemble Evidence Its significant for understudies to investigate the subject before composing. Gather enough material to assist you with responding to or bolster your inquiry. 3. Prologue to a Literary Analysis Essay The prologue to a scholarly investigation paper establishes the primary connection with a peruser so its fundamental that you bring it out in a reasonable and brief way. A decent prologue to an abstract investigation article ought to give applicable data about a specific part of a work of writing and orientate the peruser what exactly will follow. The presentation must, in this manner, incorporate a book, writer, title, primary characters, short synopsis, and postulation. A proposal shows up as the last sentence in the principal section and will basically imply the three primary concerns you wish to address in the fundamental body of the paper. Here is a case of a decent theory proclamation for scholarly investigation: In a Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens shows the procedure by which an unfruitful and squandered life can be reclaimed. Sidney Cartons serious love for Lucie Manette changes him from a sad man into a saint and star whose life and passing bring so much importance. 4. The Body of a Literary Analysis Essay After the presentation, you will move towards the body of your paper where you present the sections (normally three passages for a 500-750 word exposition) that help your proposal articulation. Each section in the body ought to incorporate a point sentence, literary proof (rework or citation), editorial/clarification and a closing sentence. 5. Decision of a Literary Analysis Essay This is the last passage in your article which ought to reflect how your paper theme identifies with the book in general. You should sum up all that you have talked about in the exposition without presenting any new thoughts. Designing a Literary Analysis Scholarly investigation papers are commonly composed utilizing MLA reference style designing rules except if indicated in any case by your teacher. Here is the article about MLA exposition position with theâ example: MLA ESSAY FORMAT Composing scholarly investigation is regularly a tedious movement that requires a great deal of exploration and ability. With the utilization of our composing administrations, you won't just get quality artistic investigation papers even on the most testing themes, however you will make an increasingly proficient piece that portrays you as one with a profound comprehension of writing. Get a specialist composing help today, put in a request and desert your concerns.

Free Essays on Direct Command Theory Of Ethics

With the end goal for one to be really supreme there obviously should be no restrictions on ones force. Any constriants what so ever render supremacy a useless term. To state that a transcendent creatures power is as per or adheres to a rule law or any comparable requirment is to restrain the intensity of that being . To state that an all-powerful being acts as per a law, is to suggest that said being couldn't act without said law or that there would be some punishment or mischief in the event that the being were to do as such. On the off chance that onmipotnece is to be genuine it isn't to be guided, surrounded separated and so on.; these are confines somehow on power. To call a being decent is to make a judgment about its character. Character decisions are gotten from activities. To state that a being is acceptable is to state that it shows great conduct, that it’s activities are acceptable activities. Other than activities one may likewise pass judgment on plan when making a decision about character. Ones activities must not exclusively be acceptable they should be finished with the goal the reason for being acceptable. Great activities are gotten from the willing of contemplated great plan. This being said activities and goal are seperate things thus can be judged independanlty of one another. Expectation and thinking goes before action.In request to pass judgment on a thing decent one must have something that is here and there sepreate or outside of the thing being decided to pass judgment on the thing being judged. In the event that you utilize the thing being judeged as the standard by which to pass judgment on it then you have truly m ade no judgment by any means. You have simply made a relationship of personality; judgment of the thing= the thing itself. At the point when this relationship of character between a being and acceptable is set up the meaning of good relies exclusively upon the acting naturally. Since the being is acceptable anything it does is acceptable. This makes the meaning of good self-assertive. With this all and each conceivable activity by a being characterized as acceptable is acceptable this isn't at all a manner by which great is utilized in some other situ... Free Essays on Direct Command Theory Of Ethics Free Essays on Direct Command Theory Of Ethics With the end goal for one to be genuinely supreme there obviously should be no restrictions on ones force. Any constriants what so ever render power a good for nothing term. To state that a supreme creatures power is as per or observes a rule law or any comparative requirment is to restrain the intensity of that being . To state that a supreme being acts as per a law, is to infer that said being couldn't act without said law or that there would be some punishment or damage in the event that the being were to do as such. On the off chance that onmipotnece is to be genuine it isn't to be guided, encompassed sifted and so on.; these are restricts somehow on power. To call a being decent is to make a judgment about its character. Character decisions are gotten from activities. To state that a being is acceptable is to state that it shows great conduct, that it’s activities are acceptable activities. Other than activities one may likewise pass judgment on purpose when making a decision about character. Ones activities must not exclusively be acceptable they should be finished with the plan the reason for being acceptable. Great activities are gotten from the willing of contemplated great plan. This being said activities and aim are seperate things thus can be judged independanlty of one another. Purpose and thinking goes before action.In request to pass judgment on a thing decent one must have something that is here and there sepreate or outside of the thing being decided to pass judgment on the thing being judged. On the off chance that you utilize the thing being judeged as the standard by which to pass judgment on it then you have trul y made no judgment by any means. You have simply made a relationship of personality; judgment of the thing= the thing itself. At the point when this relationship of character between a being and acceptable is built up the meaning of good relies entirely upon the acting naturally. Since the being is acceptable anything it does is acceptable. This makes the meaning of good discretionary. With this all and each conceivable activity by a being characterized as acceptable is acceptable this isn't at all a manner by which great is utilized in some other situ...

Article Writing Tips - How to Get Started

Article Writing Tips - How to Get StartedA good paragraph about myself is one that gives an outline of who I am and what I do. It is an introduction to what you are going to discuss in your article and how it relates to what you want to get across. Not all articles about myself give this kind of intro.Why would they do that? Well, most articles about myself aren't prepared properly or thought through at all. The information might be relevant to the reader's needs, but it isn't structured properly and doesn't flow together.To make sure you have a good paragraph about myself, you need to go over your content. You can do this before you send it to the editor. But, it's a good idea to write it down on paper, as well.First, figure out what you will talk about, and then start to list at least three things that relate to it. For example, I could write: I am happy because I have a job; I am happy because I made it through a difficult period; I am happy because I like to help people. Each par agraph needs to give a short story, a reason for why you're writing and how it relates to what the reader wants to know.Most articles about myself don't give a lot of thought to the content, and that's a bad thing. You need to put in the work and prepare for each paragraph in advance. It won't make sense to write your first paragraph all wrong, so write the whole thing up first and then revise it later.If you do this, it will save you time in the editing process. Editors want to see that you have put some time and thought into your article. You will also have a better chance of getting accepted by the editor if you wrote your first paragraph right.After you've written the first paragraph, don't go back and change it. Yes, that's what editors will ask for, but they're often too busy or too impatient to think about their article. If you want the last sentence to 'explain' yourself, write that first. Don't start changing sentences until you're done.Also, if you can, start preparing for your third paragraph when you're first writing. You should go back and write this part before your second paragraph. This way, you won't forget it when you're halfway through your second paragraph.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Social Security Act of 1935, Dust Bowl Free Essay Example, 1000 words

In the 1920s, the theatres for movies and radios were the most popular entertainment. However, movies outweighed the use of radios because they were expensive to purchase. Additionally, dancing was famous during the entire process. FDIC is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. It is an independent corporation and was created in 1933, to promote public confidence and stability in the nation s banking systems. The social security Act was developed to tackle old age, poverty unemployment and the burden of widows. It gave the federal government the power to assist the less fortunate, in the society. The dual bowl was caused by severe drought and poor agricultural practices leading to environmental damage to the product. The great depression was a serious problem for American society but the causes of the great market crash were different and have not been understood by economists. The crash of the stock market of 1929 on black Tuesday, October 29, 1629, was the principal cause of d epression experienced. The crash led to massive loss totaling to more than $40 Billion Dollars (Foner 78). The loss was so immense that led to poor recovery for the country increasing the risk of entry into the great depression. We will write a custom essay sample on Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Social Security Act of 1935, Dust Bowl or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Coupled with the stock market crash banks failed in the 1930s leading to loss of savings because bank deposits were not insured. The collapse of the banks reduced bank loans leading to less expensive than initial. The crash of the stock markets reduced the spending capability of individuals through fear of further economic woes. Unemployment and job losses led to a reduction in purchasing power. In addition, American economic policy changes as a result of the ailing economy. The government created the Smooth-Hawley Tariff to protect the American companies. The policy charged high tax for imports reducing the amount of trade between America and the rest of the world.

Revising to Make Your Writing Precise

Finding the right word was a lifelong quest for French novelist Gustave Flaubert: Whatever you want to say, there is only one word that will express it, one verb to make it move, one adjective to qualify it. You must seek that word, that verb, that adjective, and never be satisfied with approximations, never resort to tricks, even clever ones, or to verbal pirouettes to escape the difficulty.(letter to Guy de Maupassant) A perfectionist (who happened to have an independent income), Flaubert would spend days worrying over a single sentence until he got the words just right. Most of us, I suspect, dont have that kind of time available. As a result, we often have to be satisfied with approximations when drafting. Near synonyms and almost-right words, like temporary bridges, let us move on to the next sentence before a deadline arrives. Nonetheless, converting inexact words to precise ones remains a critical part of revising our drafts — a process that cant be reduced to one simple method or clever trick. Here are 10 points worth considering the next time you find yourself in search of the right word. 1. Be Patient In revising, if the right word is not at hand, run a search, sort, select process through your mind to see if you can find it. (Even then, a word may be elusive, refusing to emerge from the mind one day only to arise from the subconscious the next.) Be prepared to rewrite today what you revised yesterday. Above all, be patient: take the time to select words that will transfer your exact thought to the mind of a reader. May Flewellen McMillan, The Shortest Way to the Essay: Rhetorical Strategies. Mercer University Press, 1984 2. Wear Out Your Dictionary Once you have a  dictionary, use it as much as possible.   When you sit down to write and need a particular word, pause to consider the key ideas you want to convey. Start with a word thats in the ballpark. Look it up and go from there, exploring synonyms, roots, and usage notes. Manys the time a usage note in the American Heritage Dictionary has led me to the word that fits, much as the right jigsaw puzzle piece slips into place. Jan Venolia, The Right Word!: How to Say What You Really Mean. Ten Speed Press, 2003 3. Recognize Connotations Do not be fooled into thinking you can substitute one word for another simply because a thesaurus groups them together under a single entry. The thesaurus will do you little good unless you are familiar with the connotations of possible synonyms for a given word. Portly, chubby, chunky, heavy, overweight, stocky, plump, and obese are all possible synonyms for fat, but they are not interchangeable. . . . Your task is to select the word that conveys most accurately the precise shade of meaning or feeling you intend. Peter G. Beidler, Writing Matters. Coffeetown Press, 2010 4. Put Away Your Thesaurus Using a thesaurus will not make you look smarter. It will only make you look like you are trying to look smarter. Adrienne Dowhan et al., Essays That Will Get You Into College, 3rd ed. Barrons, 2009 5. Listen [B]ear in mind, when youre choosing words and stringing them together, how they sound. This may seem absurd: readers read with their eyes. But in fact they hear what they are reading far more than you realize. Therefore such matters as rhythm and alliteration are vital to every sentence. William Zinsser, On Writing Well, 7th ed. HarperCollins, 2006 6. Beware of Fancy Language There is a difference between vivid language and unnecessarily fancy language. As you search for the particular, the colorful, and the unusual, be careful not to choose words merely for their sound or appearance rather than for their substance. When it comes to  word choice, longer is not always better. As a rule, prefer simple, plain language over fancy language . . . Avoid language that seems stilted or unnecessarily formal in favor of language that sounds natural and genuine to your ear. Trust the right word — whether fancy or plain — to do the job. Stephen Wilbers, Keys to Great Writing. Writers Digest Books, 2000 7. Delete Pet Words They may be more pests than pets. They are the words you overuse without even knowing it. My own problem words are very, just, and that. Delete them if theyre not essential. John Dufresne, The Lie That Tells a Truth. W.W. Norton, 2003 8. Eliminate the Wrong Words I do not choose the right word. I get rid of the wrong one. Period. A.E. Housman, quoted by Robert Penn Warren in An Interview in New Haven. Studies in the Novel, 1970 9. Be True How do I know, the sometimes despairing writer asks, which the right word is? The reply must be: only you can know. The right word is, simply, the wanted one; the wanted word is the one most nearly true. True to what? Your vision and your purpose. Elizabeth Bowen, Afterthought: Pieces About Writing, 1962 10. Enjoy the Process [P]eople often forget that the sheer joy of finding the right word which expresses a thought is extraordinary, an emotional rush of an intense kind. Playwright Michael Mackenzie, quoted by Eric Armstrong, 1994 Is the struggle to find the right word truly worth the effort? Mark Twain thought so. The difference between the almost-right word and the right word is really a large matter, he once said. Its the difference between the lightning-bug and the lightning.

It was 500 AM as the ever so loud alarm clock awakened...

It was 5:00 AM as the ever so loud alarm clock awakened Max telling him it was time to get ready for work. That machine was both his best friend and his worst enemy as it awakened him from his hellish nightmares only to bring him back to this world where every day was a living hell. He had been having the same nightmare every day since the night he mistakenly killed two innocent women who he thought were the murderers in a case he was working on. At this point in his life Max Hammel was merely a shell of a man, putting on a mask only to keep up appearances in order to make sure that no one bothered him. Every day his conscience ate at him, constantly reminding him of how he left those poor kids without mothers, â€Å"You killed them, you†¦show more content†¦The dream kept repeating itself and every time the woman would become a much more prominent figure in his mind. She seemed to be a sort of beacon of hope that he had been longing for these past two years. His mind as a detective knew that there was something there and he would not stop until he found out what it was. He tried many times to reach her but he failed. He tried until one day he was able to catch up to her and to his surprise he did not wake from his dream. Whenever he would reach the end and the woman was within arm’s reach Max would find himself woken up by either his alarm clock or the ringtone that warned him his boss was calling. When he approached her his senses were awestruck. Her hair was raven-black. It flowed in waves to adorn her porcelain-like skin. Her eyes emerald green eyes seemed to shine on their own. She was the picture of perfection, or in his words, â€Å"imaginary.† â€Å"Are you the one that chases me?† she asked, her voice was rich and elegant but with an edge of power that Max hadn’t noticed until now. Max normally wouldn’t stammer in a situation like this but he couldn’t find what words to say. â€Å"Come to me,† she said, â€Å"why is it you hesitate? Are you afraid? I will free you from your suffering and sever the chains that make you feel guilty because you did not do that on purpose† she added. He thought this might be some kind of trap, that God had finally come to punish

Putting a Name to the Confusion Essay Example For Students

Putting a Name to the Confusion Essay â€Å"A man who kissed or embraced an intimate male friend in bed did not worry about homosexual impulses because he did not assume that he had them. In the Victorian language of touch, a kiss or an embrace was a pure gesture of deep affection at least as much as it was an act of sexual expression,† says Anthony Rotundo, attempting to define the boundaries between romantic friendship and erotic love, in relation to same gender friendships, in the late nineteenth century (Miller 4). Same gender relationships could exist on a physical level, expressing affection, without bringing up questions of sexual preference. Further, F.S. Ryman, a gentleman in his twenties, wrote of the very few documents ever discovered from the Victorian age regarding intimate encounters and the emotions attached to them. He has helped give us an idea of what some male relationships were like back then. In his diary, August of 1886, he describes spending the night in his best friends arms with out sexual intentions. â€Å"†¦Now in all this I am certain there was no sexual sentiment on the part of either of us†¦ I am certain that the thought of the least demonstration of unmanly abnormal passion would have been as revolting to him as it is ever has been to me, yet I do love him I love to hug kiss him because of the goodness genius I find in his mind† (Duberman 45). The ability to express love for another male through affection became more questionable short there after as the distinction between romantic and erotic love was less muddy. Until this point, no one got forced into feeling shame because they made it clear that they cared deeply for each other on a close-friendship level. An intimate or affectionate moment between two males never acquired a homosexual context. Male friends could kiss each other, lacing friendships with a more profound level of compassion, without the threat of being labeled as a homosexual. Culturally, this type of behavior had no definite wrong or abnormal connotation strapped to it. As Neil Miller describes, â€Å"In the 1870s, a concept of homosexual identityor of gay and lesbian communitywas barely articulated† (Miller xvii). In America, the idea of homosexual love was beyond societal understanding. Prior to the introduction of homosexuality people were free to care about each other on levels without the co nstraints of any insecurity base on a the possibility of getting a label. While the concept of homosexuality did not exist in the United States, changes were happening in Europe with the issue. Right around the 1870’s affectionate relationships between males acquired a label. â€Å"It was the sexologists†¦ who were to define same-sex love, to give it a name. The term homosexuality was actually used for the first time in 1869 by Karl Maria Kertbeny, a German-Hungarian campaigner for the abolition of Prussia’s laws that criminalized sexual relations between men. Homosexuality was not the only term that the late nineteenth century found to describe sexual relations between persons of the same sex. The term inversion was even more widely used. And in 1870, the German physician Karl Westphal invented the phrase â€Å"contrary sexual feeling,† in detailing the history of a young lesbian. These expressions all had a clinical tinge to them. Then there were the more sympathetic, but no less problematic, terms- the â€Å"third sex† and the â€Å"intermediate sex† (Miller 13). These terms and phrases had not yet come across the Atlantic to penetrate the English language in American society except for sexual inversion on a moderate level outside of the clinical sphere. In 1892, however, homosexuality appeared. Prior, the concept of homosexuality was not yet present in the United States. George Chauncey, who has made a thorough study of the medical literature on the subject, persuasively argues, â€Å"Sexual inversion, the term used most commonly in the nineteenth century, did not denote the same conceptual phenomenon as homosexuality. ‘Sexual inversion’ referred to a broad range of deviant gender behavior, of which homosexual desire was only a logical bit indistinct aspect, while ‘homosexuality’ focused on the narrower issue of sexual object choice† (Halperin 15). The introduction of homosexuality gave the people something

Sports vs Performing Arts Essay Example For Students

Sports vs Performing Arts Essay Should the performing arts receive equal as sports? The performing arts have been proven to increase a childs mind. Yet sports keep the mind and body strong. This is a debate that has being going on for the past 20 years. On whether funding should be used to fund sports or the performing arts. People argue for both sides. Today am arguing for the performing arts. Music education being the right Of all children it must be taught in appropriate ways suggested by the geographical cultural and social environment (3). And yes, that is true. Every child should have the write to experience. Every person, in every culture is introduced to some form of music. Whether a person lives in Asia, Africa, Italy, or the LISA. That person is introduced to the kind of music in that culture. But scientists have said time after time that Music lessons appear to strengthen the links between brain neutrons and build new spatial reasoning, says psychologist, Frances Earaches of university of California-Irving. We will write a custom essay on Sports vs Performing Arts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The thought of teaching music in schools did not even begin until the late sasss. According to Bill Vive who is the Chairman, National Endowment for the Arts By the late sasss, we began to realize that along with scientific knowledge and physical fitness, we needed to feed the imagination of students with arts (Vive, 56). Which says something about the United States, This country is always saying how everything is done for the future of this country, the children. Then, how come the idea of teaching music wasnt thought of till then? But at least the USA decided to mandate that the arts be taught in schools from elementary to high school. Not just in elementary schools or in high schools as electives, but as a comprehensive, sequential curriculum taught by qualified searchers, beginning with pre-school instruction and continuing with required courses for high school graduation (Vive, 55). Later, into the sasss the United States slowly began to evaluate what music did to the mind. How the mind was scoped by music, what music did to the brain and etc? The Music Education Association says. They feel that the arts will play a major roll in the future success of the educational system (6). By the late sasss, Congress mandated that the National Endowment of the Arts to report on the status of arts education (Vive, 56). And it was proven that hillier who study the arts score higher on test, do better in school, and even scored higher on the College Boards Cats. Our case for the critical importance to the arts is also bolstered by the College Boards report that students who study the arts in general, and music in particular, score considerably higher on both the verbal and math sections of the SAT (Vive, 55). Music has also been shown to do better with high school students, It has been shown that high school music students have higher grade point averages than non-music students in the same school Music students are out performing non-music students n the Cats. College bound seniors with coursework or experience in music performance scored 52 percent higher on the verbal portion and 37 points higher on the math portion. Other groups have also studied the effects of music and the arts on the brain and on people. JAN. ROR and D. C Miller used an electroencephalogram to investigate subtle changes in brain electrical activity (Teaching Music, 41). The study showed that the activity in the temporal regions of the brain were higher then an average child. .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .postImageUrl , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:hover , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:visited , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:active { border:0!important; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:active , .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u121d311914d2bd2fb5cfaf12c08158fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Death Penatly EssayProving that music does do something to the brain. Many other groups have done research or have seen what music does to a child or to people. Bob Schaffer of Colorado who is a member of the House of Representative says, recent scientific studies confirm what teachers of old have always known- music and the other arts stimulate higher brain function (11). According to the Music Education Association and Earaches who is a Psychologist at SIC- Irving, music does improve the mind. Earaches says Music instruction can improve a childs spatial intelligence for long periods of time- perhaps permanently (6) when he told The American Psychologist Association. Dry. Wilson who is another researcher feels these findings are so significant that it will lead to a universal understanding in the next century that music is an absolute necessity for the total development of the brain and individual Music has multiple learning benefits, and recent studies establish a casual relationship between music and enhanced learning ability (6). Music has also been shown to hue benefits later in life. Successful music students develop the skills necessary for a variety of occupations. Successful music students tend to posses the qualities and skills that are generally considered essential o employers in business education, and service organizations The Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities has found a connection veneer students having music competence and high motivations in that they were more likely to achieve success in school (6). The Music Education Association also says It has also been found that through involvement, in group music activities on the high school level, individual learn to support each other, maintain commitment and bond together for group goals The last thing the Music Education Association says about how music improves the mind is that Music Education Association feels and has observed that student involvement in school music has a positive impact on other areas to their lives David Rosenberg who is the dean at Claret school of music says that creative musicians are always pioneers on a sonic arts frontier, whether listening, performing, composing, researching, studying, producing, presenting, improvising, analyzing, theorizing or writing about music (4). Music even establishes a part of college. Colleges look for people who participate in the arts because it takes a lot of effort, time, and dedication. Fred Harridan, who is an ex-dean of Stanford, said, We look for students who have taken part in orchestra, symphonic band, chorus and drama. It shows a level of energy and an ability to organize time that we are looking for here (6). Music lessons have also been shown to improve the mind. Several quotes from Music Education Online and The Music Education Association show that music lessons increase the mind. Such as this quote from the Music Education Association, Music studies increase in reading skills and math proficiency dramatically Music lessons contribute to the development of the brain and patina intelligence Even Dry. Frank Wilson from the University of California School of Medicine says that his studies show that instrumental practice enhances coordinations, concentration and memory and also brings about the improvement of eyesight and hearing (6). There are even researchers that say that students who dont have access to an arts program is damaging their minds. Dry. Jean Houston of the Foundation tort Mind Research says that children without access to an arts program are actually damaging their brain. They a re not being exposed to non-verbal modalities, which help them earn skills like reading, writing and math much more easily A survey done on band parents show that music is even important in the family. The survey found that of them agree that many people dont know or understand the benefits of band (6). When the survey continued, non-band parents and band parents were survived on the educational benefits Of band. 5% of the non-band parents surveyed felt that band provides educational benefits not found in Other classrooms and that 78% Of the same group felt that band is more educational then extra-curricular activities. Music is not just an art. T is also a subject. Music has the involvement of every subject taught in school. From science to math to even history. Gore example, Music is history. Music usually reflects the environment and times of its creation often even the country and/or racial feelings Music is also math. It is rhythmically based on the subdivisions of time into f ractions, which must be done instantaneously, not worked out on paper (9). Taut at the end the most important thing is that music is an art. .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .postImageUrl , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:hover , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:visited , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:active { border:0!important; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:active , .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4 .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u95224a88af02e69781a60612d47e6eb4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Liberia Persuasive EssayIt allows a human being to take all these dry technically, boring, (but difficult) techniques and use them to rate emotion, Thats one thing science can not duplicate; humanism, feeling, emotion, call it what you will (9). Bob Shatter to Colorado is a member to the House of Representatives says, music lovers like myself have long promoted music education as away to inspire creativity, develop discipline and cultivate an appreciation for the arts (l Many researchers, college professors, deans of colleges and people have said that music is a wonderful thing and that improves the mind. If you do not agree with what all these researches have said then t hats k, But sports have not been proven to do any of this.

Funny Trick or Treat Sayings to Bring Giggles With the Chills

Funny Trick or Treat Sayings to Bring Giggles With the Chills The night of Halloween brings with it a lot of funny stories and anecdotes. The best part of the night is  sitting  together with friends  and sharing candies, and Halloween stories. Some memories fill the house with peals of laughter, while others remind you why Halloween is the  favorite holiday for kids. Kristen Bell I have friends who wear Star Wars costumes and act like the characters all day. I may not be that deep into it, but there’s something great about loving what you love and not caring if it’s unpopular. Bart Simpson Trick or Treat isnt just some phrase you chant mindlessly like The Lords Prayer. Its an oral contract. Rita Rudner Halloween was confusing. All my life my parents said, Never take candy from strangers. And then they dressed me up and said, Go beg for it. I didn’t know what to do! I’d knock on people’s doors and go, Trick or treat. No thank you. Douglas Coupland Who made the rule that everybody has to dress like sheep 364 days of the year? Think of all the people you’d meet if they were in costume every day. People would be so much easier to talk to – like talking to dogs. Dave Barry I preferred to trick-or-treat as a vampire, which I felt was much scarier. The problem was the plastic vampire teeth. I have a powerful gag reflex, so when people opened their doors, instead of being terrified by the awesome bone-chilling specter of the Prince of Darkness, theyd see this short,  caped  person, retching. Their only terror was that I might throw up on their shoes.   Poorly aligned eye holes are an ancient Halloween, tradition dating back to at least my childhood. My early Halloween memories consist of staggering around disguised as a ghost, unable to see anything but bed sheet, and consequently bonking into trees or falling into brooks. The highlight of my ghost career came in the 1954 Halloween parade when I marched directly into the butt of a horse. So when I open the door on Halloween, I am confronted by three or four imaginary heroes, such as G.I. Joe, Conan the Barbarian and Oliver North, who would look  very terrifying  except that they are three feet tall and facing in random directions. They stand there silently for several seconds before an adult voice hisses from the darkness behind them: Say ‘Trick or treat!’ Conan O’Brien This Halloween the most popular mask is the Arnold Schwarzenegger mask. And the best part? With a mouth full of candy you will sound just like him. Robert Brault I don’t know that there are real ghosts and goblins, But there are always more trick-or-treaters than neighborhood kids. Anonymous The older you get, the harder it is to find someone willing to share a horse costume with you. Emily Luchetti After eating chocolate you feel godlike, as though you can conquer enemies, lead armies, entice lovers. Winifred Sanderson from Hocus Pocus You know, I’ve always wanted a child. And now I think I’ll have one... on toast! R. L. Stine When I was a kid my family was really poor and I remember one Halloween I wanted to dress up really scary and my parents came home with a duck costume. I wore that costume for years! I hated it. Jean Baudrillard There is nothing funny about Halloween. This sarcastic festival reflects, rather, an infernal demand for revenge by children on the adult world. Charlie Brown I got a rock. Michael Trevino I only eat candy on Halloween. No lie. Gavin DeGraw When I was a kid I got busted for throwing a rock through a car window and egging a house on Halloween. Derrick Rose On Halloween, dont you know back when you were little, your mom tells you dont eat any candy until she checks it? I used to be so tempted to eat my candy on the way to other peoples houses. That used to be such a tease. Jimmy Fallons Pros and Cons of Trick or Treating, The Tonight Show Pro: You get to go door to door, pretending something youre not. Con: Like Republicans on the campaign trail.Pro: As an alternative to candy, you can offer trick-or-treaters a heart-healthy apple. Con: When you close your door, they will offer your house some heart-healthy eggs.Pro: You bought tons of candy just in case you get lots of trick-or-treaters this year. Con: Riiiiight!!!Pro: Everyone loves your quirky and unique costume: Fat Iron Man. Con: You meant to go as Iron Man.Pro: Getting to say, Trick or Treat, smell my feet, give me something good to eat. If you dont, I dont care, Ill pull down your underwear. Con: Getting the response, Sounds good to me.Pro: With a Halloween costume, you can pretend to be someone you could never be in real life. Con: Rick Perry is going as President Rick Perry.Pro: Halloween is not just about the candy you get; its about knowing your neighbors and enjoying the festivities of the season. Con: Raisins?!?!? Aww, hell, no!

The Political Role of Veterans Healthcare Term Paper

The Political Role of Veterans Healthcare - Term Paper Example From this research it is clear that the Health Care Industry of the United States of America is generally composed of different legal entities. The facilities that make up the said industry are largely owned and operate by the members of the private sector whereas health care insurance have always been provided by the government. The efficiency of the American health care system, however, has always been doubted. Various calls for health care reforms have been made in view of the allegations that the health care industry is nothing but a money making scam where large insurance firms and health institutions participate in. The following problems are usually apparent with respect to the health care industry of the United States: (1) medical bankruptcy, (2) premature deaths among those who are un- and under-insured, and lastly, (3) the wasteful flows of funds that maximize the profits of insurance companies. Longman, the author of the book entitled â€Å"Best care anywhere: why VA heal th care is better than yours† cited the reforms taken in the Veterans Health Care Industry. Longman argues that the reforms in the entire American Health Care Industry must emulate the model in the Veterans Health Care Administration in view of the capacity of the latter to significantly improve and properly cater to the medical needs of the veterans. Aside from Longman, there are other scholars who have also focused on the comparison between Veterans Health Administration and other systems of care in the country. In sum, all of these studies have pointed out that the Veterans Health Administration delivers health care more efficiently as compared with the other health care systems in the United States of America (Kerr, et al., 2003; Petersen, et al., 2003; Rosenthal, et al., 2003). In this sense, these authors have highlighted the need for the health care policy makers in the United States of America to reform the other systems of health care in the country by focusing on the improvements to the Veterans Health Administration as a Model. On the other hand, however, this study focuses on the current issues that affect the Veterans Health Care Industry. Arguably, the policies concerning the Veterans Health Administration have likewise been significantly affected by the political processes concerning them. In this sense, this paper focuses on the following issues: (1) the role of political process on health care delivery, (2) the role of the demanders and suppliers of health policies, (3) how the political process affect cost of health care, human resources and various health care facilities, (4) the involvement of various levels of government in the political process and its effects on health care delivery, (5) involvement of interests groups and organizations in addressing the issues to sway modifications to policy/formation of policy, (6) strategies and recommendations and lastly, (7) the future of initiatives in health care delivery. The Role of the Po litical Process on Health Care Delivery Before going through the analysis of the different issues that currently affect the Veterans Health Administration, this section first focuses on the role of the different political processes on health care delivery. As a general rule, it was claimed that investments in health care are often employed for various political reasons rather than focusing on its benefits for the citizens. Evidently, health reform in various parts of the world, whether in developed or developing countries, is a highly political process (Benoit, 2003). In fact, other researchers even highlight the tendency for politicians to put healthcare reform at the center of their campaigns during electoral seasons. Apparently, health care reforms, as essential part of the political processes most especially with respect to campaigns focus on the following (1) the efforts as regards building better health care facil

Melting of the Arctic Glaciers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Melting of the Arctic Glaciers - Essay Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 B. Adaptation Efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 C. Examples of Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 4. Works Cited (Bibliography) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Introduction People had previously dismissed warnings about global warming because of claims a group of scientists tasked to study its effects had fudged or manipulated their data. But today, there is no more doubt on this topic as the glaciers in the Arctic region of the world (located in the northernmost part of the Earth) are melting away fast due to the greenhouse gases caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Oil and coal are used to produce energy and electricity but they also produce by-products which are mainly carbon dioxide and methane that trap the sun heat energy. It is su pposed to be reflected back to outer space in a process called as Albedo effect. A warmer Earth has changed the ocean's surface temperatures and also its salinity with serious effects on marine life (Ehrlich 1) and caused rising sea levels. This brief paper examines all its effects on the populations of low-lying areas of the world and what can be done about it. Discussion Even the skeptics are now convinced that global warming really exists as manifested by weather that has gone haywire, as mentioned in an article by Mr. Hertsgaard like a â€Å"fiercer heat wave, harsher droughts, heavier rains and rising sea levels† (1). The top three polluters of the world are China, America and India, in this order of magnitude. â€Å"The world pumped about 564 million more tons (512 million metric tons) of carbon into the air in 2010 than it did in 2009. That's an increase of 6 percent. That amount of extra pollution eclipses the individual emissions of all but three countries - China, the United States and India, world's top producers of greenhouse gases. It is a "monster" increase that is likely unheard of, said Gregg Marland, a professor of geology who has helped calculate Department of Energy figures in the past. This extra pollution in China and the U.S. account for more than half the increase in emissions last year.† (Borenstein 1). What is even more alarming is the observation that even if all emissions are stopped or discontinued today, global temperatures will still keep rising for 25 years. There are basically two ways or approaches by which people can deal with the global warming phenomenon: first is mitigation and the second is adaptation. Mitigation pertains to a front-end approach of reducing gas emissions to slow down the warming trend and it includes using renewable and clean energy sources, such as wind power or solar power. The other end of the equation is adaptation which are actions intended to safeguard a community or country from the il l effects of global warming, such as rising sea levels that can inundate low areas. Mitigation – everybody can contribute to reducing greenhouse gases by living simple lifestyles. The idea is to reduce a person's carbon footprint by using less fuel in daily living. It entails, for example, using the car less and walking more often, or using a bicycle for moving around. There are many ways by which one can accomplish this, such as reducing the use of manufactured products or consumer items that use a lot of energy, reducing use of electricity, or by patronizing more

Comparing Chinese Herbal Medicine And Modern Medicine Sociology Essay

Comparing Chinese Herbal Medicine And Modern Medicine Sociology Essay This project is to compare Chinese herbal medicine with modern (Western) medicine in terms of culture, sociological and human well-being effects. An online system has been created to showcase a number of popular Chinese herbals in order to gain better understanding on the way that these herbs keep body balance and harmony. The system also help people to check the translation of Chinese herbs Also the users can comment on the web site,and exchange their ideas with others. Also, some sociological and philosophical reasons that can affect peoples opinions are discussed in the research section of this report. 1. Introduction 1.1 Project background The background of this project can be thought asthe points shown below. At any time, healthy is an important element for a human well being. Especially at present, everyone is thinking more about their health while working and living under the pressure of economic recession. Research has shown that most people choose modern medicine, i.e., western medicine to cure diseases. But not only modern medicine costs too much but also it has side defects. In 2009, after the American singer Michael Jackson died, many people have realized that taking more medicines can get sometimes unpleasant side effect, and sometimes, fatal. Furthermore, because of the pandemic of Swine Flu, people have started to think more about disease prevention than just curing them. To this end, Chinese herbal medicine can help and has since become more popular than before, which is a very natural choice. So, more and more people are interest in Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM). According to World Hearth Organization (WHO) webpage, the following description has been given: During its 3000-yea r history, traditional Chinese medicine pioneered interventions such as diet, exercise, awareness of environmental influences on health, and the use of herbal remedies as part of a holistic approach to health.(1). Chinese Herbal Medicine can be used as in evidence.However,, similar to any other medicine, CHM is complicated, even to Chinese people. To understand Chinese Herbal Medicine is not easy. So, a system thatcan provide the information of Chinese herbal medicine can help people who are not used to CHM in many ways. 1.2 Problem definition From the questionnaire conducted in this project and shown in Appnediex, more than 80% non-Chinese people heard about Chinese Herbal Medicine,.Whereas , more than a half of them prefer modern medicine. So, why donot they like Chinese medicine is the first question to ask. Secondly, According to the questionnaire, more than 60% people use Internet everyday, which means, with the development of e-commerce, Internet can be a tool that provides people with different views on Chinese herbal medicine. But, during the research, until now, just a few web site can support this, which are A) http://www.herbalmedicineuk.com/ B) http://www.holisticchineseherbs.com/ C) http://www.holisticchineseherbs.com/ On the other hand, there are some problems in these three web sites. Figure1: the first web site at http://www.herbalmedicineuk.com/ . The web page A can be used to purchase some herbs on line,i.e., it is a on-line shopping web site. There is not any information regarding the background of these herbs. From this web site, users only can buy the herbs, but can not learn the knowledge of Chinese herbal medicine. Figure 2: the second web site. Similarly, web site B can only provide general information on CM, but not information regarding each individual herb and its functions. Figure3: the third web site On the other hand, webpage C provides amount of useful information on CHM. However, again when it comes to each herb, the knowledge is not there with a number of translation errors. In summary, although there are a few web sites that provide information on Chinese herbal medicine, for people with little knowledge of CHM, a new web sited is needed to work as an educational tool as well as an online shopping site, which is what this project does. 1.3 Aims The aim of this project is to design and build a web site system that allows users with little knowledge of CHM to learn and understand Chinese herbal medicine. Another aim is to start an online discussion forum to find the reasons behind that why so many people dont know or dislike CHM. 1.4 Objectives Gather information on the knowledge of CHM based on questionnaires. Interview with doctors who practice CHM.Carry out research on these topics Design and build an online system. Evaluate the online website. Write final report on project. 2 Literature review This chapter will review three books on Chinese medicine, which include Chinese herbal medicine -A practical guide to the healing power of herbs by Guang Xu (Give reference in the end), Medicine East And West: Two Ways of seeing, two ways of thinking by Ted J.kaptchuk (reference), Chinese herbal medicine Formulas and Strategies by Dan Bensky and Randall Barolet (reference) and Chinese Herbal Legends by Zhu Zhongbao (reference). 2.1 The healing power of herbs In the book written by Guang Xu, the author tries to give a general overview about Chinese herbal medicine. The related chapters can be divided into two parts, one is Chinese herbal medicine history, another one is the elements of Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese herbal medicine has a long history of more than 5000 years. The history can go back to the time of Sheng Nong, when Chinese people used plants to treat the illness further than a few thousand years. As explained by the author, Chinese herbal medicine is rooted in the culture of centuries, it cannot be easily explained or measured by modern scientific language and methods. Without a total understanding of its background and its history, it is very difficult to understand. [reference] . According to Chinese Culture, basically, there are two different elements that can affect Chinese Herbal Medicine. One is Yin (darkness) Yang (brightness), another one is Five-Element Theory. By understanding these two elements, it is easier for people who dont know CHM to comprehend Chinese Herbal Medicine. 2.1.1 Yin and Yang (darkness and brightness) Yin Yang, which is from traditional Chinese philosophy, is the name of two related things that are opposite in the natural world, i.e., everything in the universe can have two opposite, such as sunshine, fire, light, which are Yang. On the other hand, grey, dark, cold, belong to the element of Yin. In Chinese Medicine, Yin-Yang theory is an important element through the whole medicine system and can be employed to explain the body system and guide the treatment. For example: Yin-Yang implies that everything in the world has an opposite, such as sky and land, sun and moon. Although they are opposite, they also can be an unity. Through this unity, the natural world can keep the balance well. Yin-Yang depends on with each other, meaning if there is no Yang, there is no Yin. When the balance of the relationship of the substance of Yin-Yang are destroyed, the life might reach its end. On the other hand, Yin-Yang has a special relationship. If one wanes the other will wax. For example, just as the four seasons, if winter changes to spring, the weather should be warm. It is the process of Yin waxes and Yang wanes. Five-Element Theory The Five-element theory includes fire, metal, water, wood and earth, as well as their motions. The ancient Chinese people found these five elements are the basic substances in universe. These five kinds of elements have relationship of generation and restriction, as found in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chinese doctors use them to describe the problems of disease as explained in the following: Reinforcing the spleen (earth) to strengthen the lung (metal) ; Failure of water (kidney) to nourish wood (or failure of the kidney to nourish the liver) ; Five movements and six climates; Wood tending to spread out freely; Depression of the liver (wood) generating fire; Fire of the liver (wood) impairing the lung (metal); Fire tending to flare/flame upward ; Excessive fire impairing the lung (metal) ; Failure of fire to generate earth ; Coordination between water (kidney) and fire (heart); In coordination between the kidney (water) and the heart (fire) ; Being restricted and restricting ; Philosophical concept Traditional Chinese herbal medicine, however, can be based on two treatments which are on philosophical concept. 2.1.3.1 The Holistic Concept By this concept, there is a general meaning, i.e., the human body is a unity and a universe is within a body. On the other hand, it has a close interaction with the world. Traditional Chinese Medicine maintains that a human body is composed of different organs with each organ having its own distinct function, as a part of the whole body. Also, Chinese medicine regards the whole body as an organic body. Its constituent parts are inseparable in structure, interrelated and interdependent in physiology. Man has a nature life, and nature provides an environment for mans survival. So, human can be affected by nature. Traditions Chinese Medicine states Physicians have to know the law of nature and geographical conditions when diagnosing and treating diseases . That is the reason of Tradition Chinese Medicine not only stresses the human body is a unity but also regards the interrelationship between the body and nature environment. 2.1.3.2 Treatment by Differentiation of Syndromes Chinese herbal medicine, on the other hand, is also understood as treatment by differentiation of syndromes. The meaning of differentiation is to analyze the diseases by comprehensive, implying that the patients symptoms and signs collected by the following four diagnostic methods are analyzed and summarized in order to identify the etiology, nature and location of a disease, and the relationship between vital qi (air) and pathogens, thereby to determine what syndrome a disease in concern belongs to. According to the relationship between disease and treatment, traditional Chinese medicine is based on two different ways. One is to treat the same disease with different therapies. Whilst another one is to treat different diseases with the same therapy, i.e., different disease can be manifested in the same situation may be treated in the same way. In summary, using different methods for the treatment of the disease is the core of Treatment by Differentiation of Syndromes. 2.2 Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine The book by Ted J.kaptchuk discusses the difference between East and West medicines, such as why some westerners dislike Chinese Medicine? There is a philosophic reason, which is that Chinese culture is hard to understand. But, another reason is sociological. That is the way of western people thinking about Chinese Medicine. In this book, author gives two different views on seeing and thinking via westerners view, If a non-Chinese person can found these two ways, he/she might become interested in Chinese Medicine. The first one is concerned with treatment result. Many non-chinese have strange notions about Chinese medicine, Some of them see it as hocus-pocus-the product of primitive or magical thinking. If a patient is cured by means of herbs or acupuncture, they see only two possible explanations: Either the cure is a placebo effect, or it is an accident. To many people, when they heard about CHM, the first feeling in their mind is that, Chinese medicine is magical, but not science. The reason can be understood that Western medicine is based on data. Western doctors prefer using data to treat disease, whereas Chinese doctors are in favor of their experience. Another way of thinking, as described in the book, is Other Westerners have a more favorable but equally erroneous view of Chinese medicine. Deeply and often justifiably disturbed by many of the products of Western science and culture, they assume that the Chinese system, because it is felt to be more ancient, more spiritual, or more holistic, is also more true than Western medicine. In this way, some Westerners like Chinese medicine, but, because of different background, different culture, different history, their translate Chinese medicine of their own way based on their own culture. Also, they learn Chinese medicine through TV, Internet and some other media. In their mind, that is what Chinese medicine should look like. By and large, there are two groups of people. One group use Chinese medicine, but, think that Chinese medicine is less logical and is not based on science. It depends on a patients fortune. Another group of people think Chinese medicine through their own culture. Their minds are often mixed by this culture and other media. So, in their head, they have a different image of Chinese herbal medicine. But, many times, this image is incomplete. In Summary, the sociological reason that why westerners dislike Chinese medicine is based on a whole system. The Chinese method is based on the idea that no single part can be understood except in its relation to the whole. Understanding this overall pattern, with the symptom as part of it, is the challenge of Chinese medicine. The Chinese system is not less logical, just less analytical. 2.3 Formulas and Strategies The book on Formulas and Strategies by Dan Bensky and Randall Barolet has divided Chinese herbal medicine as Chinese herbal and Chinese medicine. Whereas the book by Zhu Zhongbao on Chinese Herbal Legends focuses on the use of herbs. Recently, more and more Chinese doctors found it hard to translate Chinese herbal names. Because, the herbal name is based on Chinese culture and history, and there are so many acceptable solutions. Since these books work as a reference text, for our project, our information is to reflect as closely as possible the meaning and syntax of the original CHM. We use anglicized Latin names for medicinal substances. The right translations of herbal can be found from these two books. The following examples are given in the webpage designed in this project. 1) Cang zhu Name English name: Swordlike Atractylodes Rhizome Pharmaceutical name :Rhizoma Atractylodis Nature and flavor: Pungent, bitter and warm Actions Dries dampness and strengthens the spleen Dispels wind dampness Induces sweat, releases the exterior Indications Syndrome of dampness stagnation in Middle Burner Impediment syndrome due to wind damp Exterior syndrome of wind , cold and dampness Chickenpox, mumps and scarlet fever Infantile rickets Night blindness and dry eyes Diabetes 2) Jin Yin Hua Name English name: Honeysuckle Flower Pharmaceutical name: Flos Lonicerae Japonicae. Nature and flavor:Sweet and cold Actions Clears away heat and resolve toxin Disperses wind and heat Indications External contracted wind-heat, the onset of warm disease Carbuncle and clove sores Bleeding due to heat toxin More information about translation will be given by chapter 3result and disscuess. Methodology Based on the study of literature review, two methods have been applied in the development of this project. One is to conduct questionnaire to gather information from the point of view of Chinese doctors. The other is to design and develop an internet based information site providing educational tool on the explanation of what each herb does and a prototype of potential online shopping site to deliver the herbs that people require. 3.1 Interview with a Chinese doctor Location: Brent Cross Doctor Herb Student Name: Yuanlei Wang Following the recommendation by the supervisor, Dr. Amaldi, this interview took place at Brent Cross Doctor Herb in order to gain insight useful information from a professional CHM practitioner. The Chinese doctor of the clinic described the changing of Chinese herbal medicine during the last 10 years. After recording, translating, and analysis, the main points can be summarized as follows. As discussed in Section 2, there are two main reasons that Chinese herbal medicine is not as popular as Western medicine. They are sociological and culture. Sociological In the past, because Chinese government had closed door policy, Chinese were hardly known to the other world. Nor was Chinese Herbal Medicine, which has led less people being interest in China culture, history, and Chinese herbal medicine. On top of this, Chinese government imposed a culture revolution and ignored CHM, leading to less and less people know this medicine, even in China. Culture In Europe, every medical practice needs license to ensure patients safety, which can only obtained by field trial through gathering large amount of data. As discussed in Section 2, CHM is mainly based on experience. Therefore CHM cannot be used in many hospitals, but can be used as additional therapy, such as acupuncture. Because the differences in culture, it is hard for non-Chinese people to understand this invasive technique, On the other hand, the UK National Health Service (NHS) has only introduced limited CHM. Many GPs (general practitioner) think Chinese herbal medicine is an accident not a science. Because NHS is free to the UK people, whereas CHM cost a lot, people will think twice before go to a CHM shop. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the UK Since China started an open policy three decades ago, more and more people have visited China and are becoming more and more interested in Chinese culture and therefore CHM. Now, in the UK, there are over 3000 Chinese medicine shops all over the country, an increase by over 30% in the least 30 years. More and more people have started to take Chinese herbal medicine. Furthermore, the UK government has a plan to legitimate Chinese herbal medicine as part of NHS. So, CHM is getting more and more recognized in improving peoples well being and healthy life. (More information will be given in result and discussion ) 3.1.4 Media Effect British Broadcasting Cooperation (BBC) has also made huge contribution to introduce CHM to the UK. For example, in January 2006, BBC Channel 2 did a programme on Acupuncture Deactivates Brain and again on Back-pain Acupuncture Effective in Septmeber. In these programmes, doctors try to use the acupuncture instead the general anaesthetic. During the first programme, it is said: The pain matrix is involved in the perception of pain it helps someone decide whether something is painful or not, so it could be that acupuncture in some ways changes a persons pain perception. But he added: The thing about acupuncture is that it does not work on everyone. It is more likely to be effective if you believe it.I think it is a psychological manipulation technique, a distraction. We are not going to get to the stage where this could be used instead of a general anaesthetic. In the second programme, the message is that acupuncture for low back pain is cost-effective and works, according to medical researchers. According to the interview during the questionnaire time, the doctor remembered that after this TV programme, many people found that Chinese herbal medicine are useful for their body. More and more people have visited Chinese medicine shop. This example has shown that media can provide a good way to spread a news. Other means of media should also be applied in this regard. Design and Build an internet based Herbal Shop Although TV is a extremely useful way to broadcast a news, it has the limitation of time. Like the two programmes discussed in Section 3.1.4, they were shown near mid-night when most people are gone to bed and missed many viewers. Internet, however, is 24-7 and can be viewed at anytime, any location by using any means (e.g, mobile phone, computer, TV, etc). Therefore in this project, an online system has been created to introduce Chinese herbs plus their relevant information. The web page is at http://image.mdx.ac.uk/leilei. Figure 1 display a use-case UML (Unified Modelling Language) diagram showing the design. Figure 1. A UML diagram showing the developed Chinese Herb webpage (http://image.mdx.ac.uk/leilei). The system interface is consisted of three main parts, including product viewing page, search engine, input page, and guest book to send users feedbacks, and has client-server structure. In the server, the database is built using MySQL language, a rational database language. While the web interface is constructed using PHP (Personal Home Page) language, a c-like language. When users use this product, the process can be described as follows. Figure 2. System structure. When users enter data through internet interfaces which are coded in PHP. Then the interface through PHP sends/retrieves data to/from MYSQL database that is resided at the web page server at http://image.mdx.ac.uk . 3.2.1 Functions of the system This system has three parts, including Guest book, information, and history, which are describe in review. Homepage About Chinese herbal medicine Chinese herbals Guest book The history of Chinese herbal medicine. The first function is the information of Chinese herbal medicine., in this web page, users can know the history of Chinese herbal medicine, and other information. Guest book The second function is Guest book, in this function, the users can write some words in the browser. This part just provides a environment for exchanging ideas. Chinese herbal The last function is Chinese herbal to introduce its function, flavor, condition, and many more. 4 Result and Discussion This Section will discuss the results obtained from the interviewing with a Chinese medicine doctor and the developed prototype online CHM shop and information system. 4.1 Results from the interviewing Through the questionnaire and the interview with the Chinese doctor at Brent Corss Clinic, it can be concluded that nearly half of the population dont like to dont know CHM, as illustrated at Figure 6. A considerable number of people have not heard of CHM. And a quarter of people do not know the places to purchase CHM. Many people do even like the taste of CHM, which is similar to many Chinese people who take herbs. Figure 3. Pie chart showing the group of people thinking of CHM. These differences again can be associated to the issues of 1) Culture 2) Translation.3) Media 4) Government 5) The tastes of Herbal. In these data, culture belongs to philosophic reason, whilst media, translation, government and the tastes of herbal relate to sociological reason. Culture Chinese Medicine has following characteristics. Preventing is more important than treatment According to Chinese medicine book Yellow Emperor, people should treat disease before they have it, i.e., people should take care of their body before they have illness. Another book Hua inan zi (Chinese medicine) also claims that a good doctor often treats non-diseases, hence there is no disease. I.e., if a doctor can find a persons disease before this person get it, he will never get this disease. This prevention-oriented medical thought that people should take care of their health from an early age, can transform as a measure of dialectical philosophy, which is the essence of Chinese culture. Nature and Man should be together The overall concept of Chinese philosophy focuses on that human and nature world should be together, like a body. That the world and the human are not isolated, and they are interdependent, interacting, and interrelated. When it comes to Chinese Herbal Medicine, it also has the same pinciple. Chinese herbal medicine advocates astronomy, geography, and persons should be a whole entity. A nature human cannot leave the social world to survive. The factors that influence health and disease, are concerned with not only biological factors, but also social and psychological factors, So, Chinese Herbal Medicine also advocates treatment that should focus on the change of nature world. To adjust the balance of Yin-Yang (YY) Chinese Medicine mentions that the Yin-Yang is two sided, which is relatively representative of the body. The formation and growth is inseparable from the development of YY. In the bodys normal physiological conditions, the relative balance of YY is maintained, which is important. If one is changed, the mis-balance will cause the change/disorder of bodys normal physiological function. All the actions that a human is doing in the nature world are inseparable from the balance of YY. Therefore, the purpose of the coordination shows that traditional Chinese culture focus on symmetry, the bedrock philosophy of the balance. Static and dynamic idea of the constant combining From the early age, Chinese Philosophy already found the relationship between static and dynamic understanding , as stated in the Book of Change (Zhou Yi). The static and dynamic things are happening constantly. The substance in the nature world should keep moving and changing. In the whole human life, everything in the body, should keep changing until the end. Motion is the rule of nature world. It is the basic element of human health. So, Chinese Medicine stresses dynamics that can treat disease. Just as the same way that people know that sporting is good for health. On the other hand, comparing with dynamic view, Chinese Herbal Medicine also found that silence can also be a healthy habit. Qi Gong (i.e., marshal art) is based on this opinion. So, Static and dynamic element should be completed. Translation A good translation can help people with different culture background understand Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) better. Because CHM has its own culture and history , sometimes, it is difficult to translate the words exactly, which can cause frustration and lead more people lose their interest in CHM, which is explained below. The philosophic meaning in the medicine name. Some CHM names are based on their own philosophic meaning, such as Yin Yang, Yuan Qi and so on. If people do not know Chinese philosophic culture, it would be hard to translate. For some CHM doctors, when they translate medicine names, they sometimes copy some western medicine names. Whereas actually those medicines are completely different. Because of the long history of China, Chinese Herbal Medicine is based on an old knowledge system. Through more than thousand years, some of them have already lost their meanings with only a few people understanding. So, even to some knowledgeable Chinese people, translating medicine names is a hard job. Other factors include Media. According to data analysis from the questionaire, media is a very important means in order to let more people know Chinese medicine. However media can be limited, such as the wrong time of a TV programme leading to many people missing the show. Another factor is Governmental: In the past, Chinese Government had a closed door policy, which has limited knowledge of CHM. The questionnaire has also concluded that bad taste of herbs may also have some effect to prevent people taking them. Online shopping system Figures 3-6 illustrate the snapshots of web interfaces of the developed prototype online information and shopping system. Figure 4. The interface showing the Herb information. Figure 5. Input interface. Figure 6. Search engine. Figure 7. Guest book for sending users feedbacks. The system now contains more than 20 herbs information. System Evaluation The evaluation of the developed web site is based on heuristic evaluation. That can give a general overview of the web site, also, through this way, it can give a good idea for developers to improve the system design. The purpose of this evaluation is that, users have a task to browse the complete web pages. This task should start on the home page and finish when users get the feedback. Through this way, users can have a general view of the system by following the rules shown below. User control and freedom Users control and freedom can be understood that system can support users undo or do. Through the task we choose, users can find that it is not easy for them to control the web sites. ie, in the comment page, when users submit the words, they will find that there is a button for them to resubmit. Fun and enjoyment According the purpose of this web site, the web site should give the information of the Chinese herbal medicine to users. That means that the web pages should be fun, but these web pages are very plain, i.e., 1) All the background colours are white. 2) The web site is too simply , There is no enjoyment for users. Feedback Feedback is important for users to understand the information of the web site. In this web site, users can comment and see the other feedbacks. Provide short cuts Short cuts are easily for users to find what they want. In general, the web site is useful. Users can find the information regarding Chinese herbal medicine that need from the home page. Aesthetics and minimalist design Normally, users can have a good feeling with a good minimalist design. But, this web site is boring at this point. Through all web pages, there is no colour, no pictures, all the buttons are closed with each other. That might be caused some mistakes of users. On the other hand, there are some positive feedbacks. The users can find buttons easily, especially on the last page, where there is a comment page, providing a good interaction between users and the web site. In summary, this web site is fine, users can get some general information about Chinese herbal medicine from this web site, also, this web site has a guest page. Users can have a good interaction with the system. According heuristic evaluation, there are some negative aspects. Such as, 1)This system is very simply . 2) The colours are not very good. 3) It is boring for users 4) Some steps are not useful. All in all, this web site can give users a general opinion of Chinese herbal medicine. Recommendations There are some aspects which need to recommend. It should change colours of the web pages. The system should not be simple. The web site should increase some enjoyment. It should provide the search function for users. The web pages should give more freedom to users. Conclusion This project aims at introducing people Chinese Herbal Medicine and has developed an online system providing information on Chinese herbs. The design of the system applies client-server structure and employ

China - The Epicenter of Overpopulation Essay -- Exploratory Essays Re

China - The Epicenter of Overpopulation In 1999 the world population reached six billion. Roughly 200,000 lives have been added each day since then, about one small city a week. This population boom however, is not evenly distributed throughout the globe. In fact, many countries in Europe have experienced negative population growth in the last ten years. It is the developing nations of our world that are most responsible for the exponential increase the world has begun to experience. The busy-bodied human mind has rushed and hurried to find "tech-fix's" to sustain our ever growing population. The population should have hit a glass ceiling a few billion people ago, many argue that it has explaining the 1-2 billion people dying of hunger at this very moment. We have reached a point where we are uncontrollably increasing in size, exploiting our resources in an effort for survival before we can begin to map out ways to protect them, increasing the total output they could give. As Edward O. Wilson says, "The epicenter of enviro nmental change, the paradigm of population stress, is the People's Republic of China". China is home to one fifth of the world's population, about 1.3 billion people. This population is expected to reach 1.6 billion by the year 2030. The majority of this population is crammed into the Yangzi River Basin, the most southern region of China. The wave of population was brought on in the late 1950's when the world experienced a baby boom after the world wars. This time period is referred to as the "golden age" in Chinese history. The country had suffered nearly 40 years of warring states and corruption from many differing political parties, so when the communist party finally came into power, a united nation o... ... of water distribution, mass public work projects have been developed and started to combat this issue. The success of these projects could quench the looming water shortages of over 300 major cities. China is under serious pressure to find all the "tech fix's" possible to support its large scale hatchery. Meanwhile, the eyes of the world will be on China to see how it manages its mass population. Hopefully, they will be successful, hopefully they will find answer and the genius of humanity will be able to continue to stretch the glass ceiling that the bacteria, that human population has become, is up against. Bibliography: Aird, John S. "China's family planning terror" The Human Life Review, Summer 1994 Wilson, Edward O. The Future of Life (excerpt, the bottle neck theory) U.K, Random House Inc. 2002 www.gdrc.org/icm/grameen-info.html www.worldbank.org

Classroom Management Essay

Classroom management is one of the most important functions of good instruction. It refers to the planning, directing, and controlling of classroom activities that can be carried on efficiently and economically. It is relatively confined to the more mechanical aspects of teaching activities. Some of the things a teacher should consider in planning classroom management are consistency in the exercise of rules or standard set by the students themselves, regulations on seating and attendance, the handling of instructional materials and equipment, and the control of activities during the class period. The success or failure of teaching is determined often by the way the class is organized and managed. A well-managed class creates an atmosphere conducive to exchange an interaction and will develop well-disciplined students who participate in class activities (Hibaya:2003). Successful teaching and learning are affected by many factors. One of which is the classroom itself. Classroom is where all the participants are involved in teaching and learning interaction. It accepts that teaching and learning do take place anywhere and everywhere. It is said that a good teacher should be able to teach in spite of unfavorable circumstance. However, teaching in an atmosphere conducive to learning is always an advantage. The proper setting can make up in the other areas that affect student learning. In the classroom culture there is a direct connection between respect and credibility. In other words, if a student respects the leader, he is more likely to pay attention to the teacher who teaches him. Teachers have to earn respect when they abdicate being in charge of their own classroom resulting in the loss of large part of the students belief in their credibility as a teacher. If the teacher loses credibility, the students will learn less from them sometimes substantially less. Teaching Mathematics is not an easy task. The teacher should give more motivations to catch up the attention of the students in learning Mathematics. Among the five major subjects namely: 1) English; 2) Filipino; 3) Science; 4) Mathematics; and 5) Makabayan ; more of the students dislike Mathematics in the sense that it is very difficult subject. Cagbabanua (2002) opined that in order for one to compete globally, he should be an excellent fellow in mathematics and science. However, only few Filipinos are good in the two areas mentioned above specifically in the latter subject. According to Jaymalin (1997:12), students are not good in Algebra, Chemistry, measurements and proportionality. In fact, he stressed that the Philippine educational system is declining. He warned that something should be done, otherwise neighboring countries will overtake the Philippine nation. He mentioned that to improve the nation’s standing, the teachers should engage in serious classroom teaching. Proper assessment of learning outcomes should be given due consideration since this reminds teachers and students of what they lack in the teaching-learning process. Furthermore, parents should make a religious follow-up of what their children are doing in school. From time to time they should hear feedback from teachers who are entrusted to take care of their children during daytime. It should be remembered that Mathematics learning is indeed important in this modern era. Mathematics education plays a vital role in the lives of man. Every citizen should acquire competence and development of power qualitative thinking and of the use of mathematics procedure in daily living. It is never-ending struggle to help the students to become literate, to acquire mathematical concepts and skills and to develop favorable attitudes toward mathematics. Time and again curriculum planners, policy makers and researchers have been exploring the extent through which numeracy among students develops and improves via mathematical instruction. The quality of mathematics education in the country is alarming as stipulated in research findings. However, some measures have been exhausted to address this discipline’s status which are attributed to multi-faceted reasons and causes. William Betz as cited in Salazar (2001:365) said that a citizen of the modern world cannot afford to be ignorant of mathematics because the world people live in is so highly mathematical. Hence, effective mathematics instruction has become an absolute necessity in all levels of education, particularly in the elementary level for it is here where initial mathematics foundation is laid and basic mathematical concepts are first developed. Quality mathematics education in the higher levels would only be possible if the mathematical foundation in the elementary level is solid and strong. The issue on low quality mathematics education causes more implication as people strive to deal with the plethora of globalization, educational reforms, technological change and survival issues. Mathematics as one of the languages of survival should be an attendant tool to reengineer the nomenclature of the twenty-first century criterion. It is important for without it, the students would be wanting computational skills which are very necessary in the present society. He is able to communicate with people who live about him and work with him; thus mathematics contribute to effective citizenship. It always held a key in positioning the school curriculum because it has been considered a knowledge indispensable to the educated man. In recent years, the educational system is faced with many educational problems including an oversupply of unqualified teachers, substandard quality of instruction, high drop-out rate, poor quality output and lack of textbooks and reading material. Because of these problems, it cannot deliver efficient and effective teaching-learning process. Sutaria as cited in Vios (2000), pointed out that although one cannot discount the other school elements, the teacher stands out as the primary factor behind the deterioration of some schools. She added that, â€Å"for sometimes, elementary education has been a poor step-sister in the Philippine education family. It has been referred to as education system’s weakest link and its products have often been assailed as ineffective for the world of work†. Good teaching therefore, is determined to a large extent by teachers. Obviously, teachers are a vital component of the school system in creating the excellent teaching-learning environment. Good teaching involves certain personal qualities of teachers. The identification of able teachers, the likelihood of attaining desirable teaching-learning outcomes is substantial. The teacher must manage his students so that teaching may take place. Potentials of the teacher become less important if he is unable to control his students in the classroom, hence little learning takes place. Many worthwhile mathematics tasks have been introduced to make learning effective. The idea of just verbalizing the rules and principles in mathematics and presenting examples and solutions on the chalkboard have undergone improvisation. Innovative approaches have been intertwined with the usual class presentation. Students can learn to think mathematically when teachers help them develop the conceptual and proce dural understanding of the contents of mathematics. The researcher chooses this study in order to evaluate the selected approaches in classroom management employed by the secondary school teachers. Through this the researcher will probe deeper to identify the students’ performance in Mathematics. Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework This study will anchor on several theories of learning. Ornstein (1990:58) provided some bases of this study. He enumerated several approaches to classroom management, namely: 1) assertive approach, 2) business academic approach, 3) behavioral modification approach, 4) group managerial approach, 5) acceptance approach, and 6) success approach. The assertive approach to classroom management accepts teachers to specify rules of behavior and consequence for disobeying them and to communicate these rules and consequence. The classroom manages in such a way that students should always remember who is in charge of the classroom. Teachers hold students accountable for their actions. The idea is for the teachers to respond to students’ misbehavior quickly and appropriately. If misbehavior is ignored at an early stage, it will eventually become uncontrolled, more students will become disruptive and it will affect their performance in Mathematics. The business – academic approach was developed by Evertson (1989), emphasizes the organization and management of students as they engage in Mathematics work, lead to a clear set of procedures for students and teachers to follow. Behavioral modification roots in the work of Skinner (1984) as cited by Ornstein (1990:58) involve a variety of techniques and methods, ranging from simple rewards to elaborate reinforcement training. It assumes that behavior is shaped by environment and pays little attention to the causes of problems. Teachers using this approach spend little time on the personal history of students on searching for the reason for a particular problem. They strive to increase the occurrence or appropriate behavior through punishment. With regard to the group managerial approach to classroom management, Kawains (1987) as cited also by Ornstein (1990:58) emphasizes the importance of responding immediately to group student behavior that might be inappropriate or undeniable in order to prevent problems rather than having to deal with them after they emerge. He said that if student misbehaves but the teacher stops the misbehavior immediately, it remains an isolate incident and does not develop into a problem. If the misbehavior is not noticed, ignored, or allowed, continuing for too long, it often spreads throughout the group and become more serious and chronic. The present investigation will delve into the classroom management approaches of the teachers and the performance of the students in Mathematics. The independent variable of this study will include the teachers’ classroom management approaches namely: assertive, business – academic, group managerial, acceptance and success. On the other hand the dependent variable compromises the students’ performance in Mathematics.

Career Controversy Should robots be allowed to act...

The progress man has made in the field of technology is becoming exponentially greater. Each decade sees more progress than the century preceding it, than that century did of the millennium preceding it. As our innovation drives us towards greater results, the time at which robots may take on human-like intelligence comes ever closer. Philosophers and engineers alike have been grappling with questions related to that time for the last half-century. Yet as we march forward in this brave new world, other, much more intricate questions, such as those surrounding the ability of robots to complete tasks which require intelligence, the ability and right of robots to feel emotion, and the ethical concerns surrounding robots which are both†¦show more content†¦However, to the observer, it looks as if the machine is equally intelligent. Machines that are truly intelligent, part of a group called â€Å"cognitive artificial intelligence,† are yet to be invented. That is no t to say that there has not been intense research in the area. Ray Kurzweil, a noted artificial intelligence inventor and researcher, believes that by the year 2020, software that allows machines to match the abilities of a human brain will become available (Brown). As the world is still almost a decade away from this point in time, it is difficult to tell whether this will be the case. In any case, though, it seems certain that much time and effort will be invested in developing programs and machines that can think with the same ability as a human. To determine if a machine possesses intelligence, it is first necessary to determine what qualifies as â€Å"intelligent behavior,† and secondly, an unbiased method for recognizing intelligent behavior is needed. Besides being able to possess some sort of knowledge, a program that claims to be â€Å"intelligent† must be able to reason (Bethell). The program must be able, much like humans, to act on present situations w ith knowledge gained from prior experience and with a future-oriented outlook (LaChat). Given a definition of intelligence, Alan Turing suggested a test to ascertain if a machine was â€Å"intelligent.† In the test, anShow MoreRelatedImpacts of Information Technology on Individuals, Organizations and Societies21097 Words   |  85 Pagescommunity †¢ Decreases involvement in office politics †¢ Increases productivity despite distractions †¢ Reduces office space needed †¢ Increases labor pool and competitive advantage in recruitment †¢ Provides compliance with Americans with Disabilities Act †¢ Decreases employee turnover, absenteeism, and sick leave usage †¢ Improves job satisfaction and productivity †¢ Conserves energy and lessens dependence on foreign oil †¢ Preserves the environment by reducing traffic-related pollution and congestionRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesscanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material